![]() ![]() ![]() In a 1915 letter to his publisher, he stipulated, “the insect is not to be drawn. It’s likely for that very reason that Kafka prohibited images of Gregor. “Kafka,” writes Bernofsky, “wanted us to see Gregor’s new body and condition with the same hazy focus with which Gregor himself discovers them.” ![]() Translator Susan Bernofsky writes, “both the adjective ungeheuer (meaning “monstrous” or “huge”) and the noun Ungeziefer are negations-virtual nonentities-prefixed by un.” Ungeziefer, a term from Middle High German, describes something like “an unclean animal unfit for sacrifice,” belonging to “the class of nasty creepy-crawly things.” It suggests many types of vermin-insects, yes, but also rodents. But the German words used in the first sentence of the story to describe Gregor’s new incarnation are much more mysterious, and perhaps strangely laden with metaphysical significance. ![]() His charwoman calls him a “dung beetle”… the evidence abounds. If you’ve read Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis in English, it’s likely that your translation referred to the transformed Gregor Samsa as a “cockroach,” “beetle,” or, more generally, a “gigantic insect.” These renderings of the author’s original German don’t necessarily miss the mark-Gregor scuttles, waves multiple legs about, and has some kind of an exoskeleton. ![]()
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